Tuesday, 1 March 2016

Roots and coefficients of complex quadratic equation




Given that $1+2i$ is a root of the equation $z^2+(p+5i)z+q(2-i)=0$, find the values of $p$ and $q$ and the other root of the equation.





Assuming that the roots are $\alpha+\beta = -b/a$ and $\alpha\beta =c/a$ with $\alpha = 1+2i$



Substitution gives $\beta = -p-1-7i$



Substitution of $\alpha$ and $\beta$ in the quadratic equation gives $$p(1+2i)+q(2-i)-13 = 0$$ for both roots! no simultaneous equation solution possible.



Further substitution gave me $p = \frac{11-8i}{1+2i}$ and $q = \frac{16-33i}{3}$




I have still not found the solution for $p$ and $q$ (ans $p=-1$, $q=7$, root is $-7i$)



Any help or comments appreciated.


Answer



Hint: If $p$ and $q$ are both real, then one complex equation becomes two simultaneous real equations.



Substitute one of the roots to obtain
$$ (1+2i)^2 + (p+5i)(1+2i) + q(2-i) = 0 $$
$$ (-3 + 4i) + (p-10) + (5+2p)i + (2q - qi) = 0 $$
$$ (p+2q-13) + (2p-q+9)i = 0 $$




This leads to two equations since both the real and imaginary parts have to be $0$


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