Friday, 12 April 2013

real analysis - Prove there exists some x0 for a differentiable function




A real-valued function f is defined and differentiable on [a,b] (ba4).
Prove that there exists x0(a,b) for which f(x0)<1+f2(x0)



On the one hand, the statement resembles very much the classical theorem by Lagrange according to which there exists some ε for which f(ε)(ba)=f(b)f(a)



Nevertheless, what we have here is an inequality, which is more tricky.
The limitation (ba4) makes me think that using trigonometry, in this case, might be a good approach, but I have no idea how exactly that could be used.



Thanks in advance for any hints.


Answer




If this is not true we would get
f(x)1+f2(x)1 for all x in [a,b].
Integrating we get
π2(π2)>arctan(f(b))arctan(f(a))ba
That is ba<π<4, so, if ba>4 (or even baπ) then there must be some x0[a,b] such that
f(x0)<1+f2(x0).


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