Tuesday, 11 August 2015

calculus - compute improper integrals using integration by parts



Compute



0sin4(x)x2 dx and 0sin(ax)cos(bx)x dx.



For the first integral I tried letting u=sin4x and dv=1x2 dx, which simplified to 04sin3(x)cos(x)x dx and applying integration by parts again with u=sin3(x)cos(x) and dv=1x, I got



11[sin3(x)cos(x)ln(x)]|00ln(x)[3sin2(2x)sin4(x)] dx



The only problem is that it appears that the term [sin3(x)cos(x)ln(x)]|0 evaluates to infinity and neither the 30ln(x)sin2(2x) dx term nor the 30ln(x)sin4(x) dx converges.This looks like a dead end but the other choice of u and dv looks even worse, so I'm not sure how to proceed.



For the second integral I tried u=sin(ax)cos(bx) and dv=1x, which gives me [sin(ax)cos(bx)ln(x)]|0+0ba2ln(x)cos((ab)x) dx0b+a2ln(x)cos((a+b)x) dx, which also looks like a dead end because all three of the terms go to infinity.




Any help is appreciated.


Answer



For the first one, we have
0sin4(x)x2dx=0sin2(x)(1cos2(x))x2dx=0sin2(x)x2dx0sin2(x)cos2(x)x2dx=0sinc2(x)dx0sin2(2x)(2x)2dx=0sinc2(x)dx120sinc2(x)dx=120sinc2(x)dx=π4
From here, we have the value of 0sincm(x)dx







For the second one, we have
sin(ax)cos(bx)=sin((a+b)x)+sin((ab)x)2
We hence have
120sin((a+b)x)xdx+120sin((ab)x)xdx={π2 if a>bπ4 if a=b0 if a<b


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