Thursday, 19 November 2015

complex analysis - Evaluate the following: intinfty0fracsin(ax)sinh(x)dx and intinfty0fracxcos(ax)sinh(x)dx using rectangular contour




A problem I'm currently working on asks to evaluate the following integrals:



0sin(ax)sinh(x)dx and  0xcos(ax)sinh(x)dx



I've seen previous questions around here that show how to do the evaluation via contour integration
(Evaluating 0sin(ax)sinh(x)dx with a rectangular contour and show that 0xcosaxsinhxdx=π24sech2(aπ2))
but this particular problem requires that I use the following contour:



enter image description here




I tried applying the previous two methods using this contour, but the final answer I end up with keeps ending up as a completely different form and I am unable to prove that the answer I got is exactly the same as the answers using the different methods linked above.



Any help would be greatly appreciated


Answer



For any nN+ and a>0 we have +0sin(ax)enxdx=aa2+n2 by integration by parts or by writing sin(ax) as Imexp(iax). By expanding 1sinhx=2ex1e2x as a geometric series in ex we get



+0sin(ax)sinhxdx=2an01a2+(2n+1)2.


On the other hand, by applying ddxlog() to both sides of
cosh(πx2)=n0(1+x2(2n+1)2)

(Weierstrass product for the hyperbolic cosine function) we get:

π2tanh(πx2)=2xn01x2+(2n+1)2

so:
aR,+0sin(ax)sinhxdx=π2tanh(πa2).

In a similar way, from
+0xcos(ax)enxdx=n2a2(n2+a2)2

by applying d2dx2log() to both sides of the previous Weierstrass product we get:
aR,+0xcos(ax)sinh(x)dx=π24sech(πa2)2.

You do not really need contour integration, it is already "encoded" in the mentioned Weierstrass product. See also the Herglotz trick.


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