Ok, according to some notes I have, the following is true for a random variable X that can only take on positive values, i.e P(X<0=0)
∫∞0(1−FX(x))dx=∫∞0P(X>x)dx
=∫∞0∫∞xfX(y)dydx
=∫∞0∫y0dxfX(y)dy
=∫∞0yfX(y)dy=E(X)
I'm not seeing the steps here clearly. The first line is obvious and the second makes sense to me, as we are using the fact that the probability of a random variable being greater than a given value is just the density evaluated from that value to infinity.
Where I'm lost is why:
=∫∞xfX(y)dy=∫y0fX(y)dy
Also, doesn't the last line equal E(Y) and not E(X)?
How would we extend this to the discrete case, where the pmf is defined only for values of X in the non-negative integers?
Thank you
Answer
The region of integration for the double integral is x,y≥0 and y≥x. If you express this integral by first integrating with respect to y, then the region of integration for y is [x,∞). However if you exchange the order of integration and first integrate with respect to x, then the region of integration for x is [0,y]. The reason why you get E(X) and not something like E(Y) is that y is just a dummy variable of integration, whereas X is the actual random variable that defines fX.
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