I wonder whether there is a closed form for this sum
Sn:=n∑k=04k4k+5k
The question asks to express the sum in terms of n then to deduce the limit of Snn+1.
I tried to use the following sum as an auxiliary sum
Tn:=n∑k=05k4k+5k
noticing that Sn+Tn=n+1.
Any thoughts about this ? thanks.
Answer
As hinted by SmileyCraft, I cannot think of any simple closed form to express Sn.
My best guess is to use Big O notation. As you thought, Sn=n+1−Tn then write Tn=∑nk=0uk with uk=11+(45)k=k→∞1+O(45)k. Now (45)k is a positive real sequence thus sommable in Big O notation.
This yields:
Sn=n→∞n+1−[(n+1)+O(1)]=O(1)
since ∑nk=0(45)k=n→∞O(1).
Then Snn+1=O(1n+1).
Note that it is very similar and perfectly equivalent to what SmileyCraft does but it does give you an expression of Sn (though trivial) depending on n.
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