Friday, 27 November 2015

sequences and series - Closed form for sum



I wonder whether there is a closed form for this sum
Sn:=nk=04k4k+5k
The question asks to express the sum in terms of n then to deduce the limit of Snn+1.
I tried to use the following sum as an auxiliary sum
Tn:=nk=05k4k+5k

noticing that Sn+Tn=n+1.
Any thoughts about this ? thanks.


Answer



As hinted by SmileyCraft, I cannot think of any simple closed form to express Sn.



My best guess is to use Big O notation. As you thought, Sn=n+1Tn then write Tn=nk=0uk with uk=11+(45)k=k1+O(45)k. Now (45)k is a positive real sequence thus sommable in Big O notation.



This yields:
Sn=nn+1[(n+1)+O(1)]=O(1)



since nk=0(45)k=nO(1).



Then Snn+1=O(1n+1).



Note that it is very similar and perfectly equivalent to what SmileyCraft does but it does give you an expression of Sn (though trivial) depending on n.


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