It seems quite intuitive when we say that some number a is raised to a power b where a∈C and b∈Z and can be expressed as
ab=a×a×a...(b times)
Extending the argument such that b∈R then if b is rational, it can be expressed in the form pq such that p,q∈Z and q≠0 and ab is defined as
apq=q√ap
If b is irrational then ab is a transcendental number as stated by Gelfond- Schneider theorem (a and b are algebraic numbers). Agreed.
Now, here is the problem: What happens when b is an imaginary number? What is an intuitive idea behind saying iθ times in the expression (I may be wrong in saying that)
eiθ=e×e×e...(iθ times)=cosθ+isinθ
Yes, thats the Euler's theorem.
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