Saturday, 31 October 2015

general topology - Is a local diffeomorphism with nice boundary values a diffeomorphism?



Let f:D={zC|z|<1}C be a local diffeomorphism (i.e. an immersion) from an open disk in the plane to the plane.




The only situation I can image where f is not injective is that f sends D to a "self-overlapping'' region, in which case f can not have continuous injective boundary values. But it seems non-trivial to me whether nice boundary values can guarantee injectivity:



Question. Assume that f extends to a continuous map ¯DC such that the boundary values f|D is injective and continuous, so that (by Jordan Curve Theorem) it maps D homeomorphically to a Jordan curve which is the boundary of a simply connected domain ΩC. Then it is true that f is a homeomorphism from D to Ω?


Answer



Yes, this is true. The uses that the map f:DΩ is a proper local diffeomorphism. It follows that f is a covering map, by applying a theorem of elementary topology says that every proper local homeomorphism from a locally compact space to a Hausdorff space is a covering map. Since D is simply connected, every covering map defined on D is a homeomorphism.


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