Let f:D={z∈C∣|z|<1}→C be a local diffeomorphism (i.e. an immersion) from an open disk in the plane to the plane.
The only situation I can image where f is not injective is that f sends D to a "self-overlapping'' region, in which case f can not have continuous injective boundary values. But it seems non-trivial to me whether nice boundary values can guarantee injectivity:
Question. Assume that f extends to a continuous map ¯D→C such that the boundary values f|∂D is injective and continuous, so that (by Jordan Curve Theorem) it maps ∂D homeomorphically to a Jordan curve which is the boundary of a simply connected domain Ω⊂C. Then it is true that f is a homeomorphism from D to Ω?
Answer
Yes, this is true. The uses that the map f:D→Ω is a proper local diffeomorphism. It follows that f is a covering map, by applying a theorem of elementary topology says that every proper local homeomorphism from a locally compact space to a Hausdorff space is a covering map. Since D is simply connected, every covering map defined on D is a homeomorphism.
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