Given:
$P$ is an invertible matrix.
$D$ is a diagonal matrix.
$A$ is an $n\times n$ matrix.
AND
$A = PDP^{-1}$
Prove that the determinant of A equals the product of the diagonal entries of $D$.
Answer
Using $|ABC|=|A||B||C|$ and $|A|=\frac{1}{|A^{-1}|}$,
$\displaystyle|A|=|P D P^{-1} | =|P||D||P^{-1}|=|P||D|\frac{1}{|P|}=|D|$.
$D$ is diagonal so $|D|=\prod_{n\geq 1} D_{nn}$, that is, the determinant is equal to the product of the diagonal elements.
$|A|=\prod_{n\geq 1} D_{nn}$ as required
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