I want to show that ∑|j|<n(n−|j|)exp(ijλ)=sin2(12nλ)sin2(12λ).
I know from Proving n∑k=0cos(kx)=12+sin(2n+12x)2sin(x/2)
(1)n−1∑j=1cos(jλ)=−12+sin(2n−12λ)2sin(λ2).
and from the Hint in the first answer in How to show that 1tan(x/2)=2∑∞j=1sin(jx) in Cesàro way/sense?
(2)ddxn−1∑j=1sin(jλ)=ddλcos(λ2)−cos(n+12λ)2sin(λ2)=nsin(n+12λ)sin(λ2)+cos(nλ2)−14sin2(λ2).
This is what i did so far:
∑|j|<n(n−|j|)exp(ijλ)=n+2n−1∑j=1(n−j)cos(jλ)=n+2nn−1∑j=1cos(jλ)−ddλn−1∑j=1sin(jλ)=nsin(2n−12λ)sin(λ2)+12+12nsin(n+12λ)sin(λ2)+12cos(nλ2)sin2(λ2).
If this and the proposition is true, it should be true that
nsin(2n−12λ)sin(λ2)+12+12nsin(n+12λ)sin(λ2)+12cos(nλ2)−sin2(nλ2)=0.
But for n=2, i get
3sin(3λ2)sin(λ2)+12+12cos(λ)−sin2λ≠0.
(checked with Wolframalpha)
So there is probably something wrong with my calculations. But i checked everything twice and don't see my mistake. Do you see it?
EDIT
Trying to prove it as proposed in the second answer.
Let z:=exp(iλ) and p(z):=∑n−1j=0zj.
First i want to show that $p(z)p(z^{-1})=\sum_{|j|
It is
n−1∑j=1zj=p(z)−1=1−zn1−z−1.n−1∑j=1z−j=p(z−1)−1=1−z−n1−z−1−1.n−1∑j=1jz−j=iddλp(z−1)=−nz−n+(n−1)z−n−1+z−1(1−z−1)2.n−1∑j=1jzj=−iddλp(z)=−nzn+(n−1)zn+1+z(1−z)2.
So i have
\begin{align}
\sum_{|j|
If i now put in the values from above and substract p(z)p(z−1) i should get 0. But Wolfram Alpha doesn't agree, so i am again on the wrong track. What did i wrong?
The last step p(z)p(z−1)=(zn/2−z−n/2)2(z1/2−z−1/2)2 was easy to show.
EDIT2
I did it now.
It was a lot easier to show directly $p(z)p(z^{-1})=\sum_{|j|
Answer
Letting α=λ2 to make the expressions cleaner, we get:
∑|j|<n(n−|j|)exp(ijλ)=n+2n−1∑j=1(n−j)cosjλ=n+2nn−1∑j=1cosjλ−2ddλn−1∑j=1sinjλ=nsin(2n−1)αsinα+12−12nsin(n+1)αsinα−12cosnαsin2α.
Note the minus signs in the numerator. I'm not sure if that solves the problem - there might be an error elsewhere. Wolfram Alpha says when n=2 the numerator is sin22α, but n=1 doesn't agree.
The easier way to do this sort of problem is via the comment I gave above, using z=eiλ.
Let p(z)=∑n−1j=0zj. Show that:$$p(z)p(z^{-1})=\sum_{|j|
Now, p(z)=zn−1z−1, and p(z−1)=z−(n−1)p(z). Now show: p(z)p(z−1)=(zn/2−z−n/2)2(z1/2−z−1/2)2
Then let z=eiλ.
No comments:
Post a Comment