Tuesday, 24 September 2013

combinatorics - Inductive Proof for Vandermonde's Identity?



I am reading up on Vandermonde's Identity, and so far I have found proofs for the identity using combinatorics, sets, and other methods. However, I am trying to find a proof that utilizes mathematical induction. Does anyone know of such a proof?



For those who don't know Vandermonde's Identity, here it is:



For every m0, and every 0rm, if rn, then



(m+nr)=rk=0(mk)(nrk)



Answer



We have using the recursion formula for binomial coefficients the following for the induction step
(m+(n+1)r)=(m+nr)+(m+nr1)=rk=0(mk)(nrk)+r1k=0(mk)(nr1k)=(mr)+r1k=0(mk)((nrk)+(nr1k))=(mr)(n+10)+r1k=0(mk)(n+1rk)=rk=0(mk)(n+1rk)


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