Wednesday, 23 April 2014

real analysis - Closed form of lnntanx,dx




Here is an integral I am really stuck at. I am pretty sure that a general closed form of the integral:



J=π/20lnntanxdx,nN



exists. Well if n is odd , then the integral is obviously zero due to symmetry. On the contrary if n is even then the closed form I seek must contain the beta dirichlet function however I am unable to reach it. Setting m=2n then:



π/20lnmtanxdx=0lnmuu2+1du=210lnmuu2+1du



If we expand the denominator in a Taylor series, namely 1+x2=n=0(1)nxn then the last integral is written as:




210lnmxn=0(1)nxndx=2n=0(1)n10xnlnmxdx=2n=0(1)n(1)mm!(n+1)m+1=2(1)mm!n=0(1)n(n+1)m+1



Apparently there is something wrong here. I used the result



10xmlnnxdx=(1)nn!(m+1)n+1



as presented here.



Edit/ Update: A conjecture of mine is that the closed form actually is:




π/20lnmtanxdx=2m!β(m+1),meven



For m=2 matches the result π/20ln2tanxdx=π38.


Answer



We want to compute:



Im=π/20(logtanx)2mdx=10(logt)2m1+t2dt=k0(1)k10t2k(logt)2mdt


that is:





Im=(2m)!k02(1)k(2k+1)2m+1=|E2m|(π2)2m+1.




The last identity was already proved here.


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