We know that the sum of the reciprocals of all prime numbers diverges (that is, ∑p is primep−1=∞) and the sum of the reciprocals of all perfect squares converges (that is, ∞∑k=1k−2<∞). Does this result imply that the set of prime numbers is more "dense" than the set of perfect squares; that is, given a sufficiently large integer N, there are always more primes than perfect squares in the closed interval [1,N]? If so, how about the answer to the following generalised question:
For a fixed positive number ε, does there exist a positive integer Nε such that if N>Nε, there are always more primes than numbers of the form k1+ε (where k is a positive number) in the closed interval [1,N]?
My guess is that the answer appears to be yes, since ∑p is primep−1=∞ whilst ∞∑k=1k−1−ε<∞.
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