Thursday, 17 November 2016

Integration by trig substitution - why is my answer wrong?

Attempting integral:



dxx29



Let x=3 sec θ so that under the square root we have:




9 sec2 θ9



9(sec2 θ1)



dxdθ=3 sec θ tan θ



The 1/3 and the 3 cancel eachother out outside the integral, so we have:



sec θ tan θ dθtan θ




The tan θ terms cancel, so we're left to integrate sec θ which is equal to:



ln (tan θ+ sec θ)+C



Since tan θ=x29  since it replaced it in the integral, and sec θ=x3, the answer is:



 ln (x29 +x3)+C



However, using an online calculator, the answer turned out to be:




 ln (x29 +x)+C



It seemed to come about due to their substitution of u=x3 we led them to get the standard integral of sec1x, which would imply that



x299



becomes u21



And I just don't see how. Can someone explain why what they did is valid and/or where my mistake was?

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