Thursday, 17 November 2016

sequences and series - Calculate suminftyn=1n2qn1




Please show me how to calculate the sum of this infinite series:



n=1n2qn1



I should have included the condition q<1



And I was able to solve the infinite series of
Sn=n=1nqn1=1+2q+3q2+4q3...
The trick is to calculate

qSn=n=1nqn=q+2q2+3q3+...
And find out that
SnqSn=n=1=1+q+q2+q3+...=n=1qn=11q
And thus
Sn=11q1q=1(1q)2



But I was not able to use same trick on the series I want to solve.



P.S. @user17762 has provided a genius way to handle this kind of series and his approach could simplify the calculation of n=1nqn1 too. Just watch the first two steps he used.


Answer




Your series converges only when |q|<1. Here is one possible way to derive the sum of the infinite series, for |q|<1. We have
n=1qn=q1q=11q1
Differentiate this once to get
n=1nqn1=ddq(q1q)=1(q1)2
Multiplying by q, we get that
n=1nqn=q(q1)2=1q1+1(q1)2
Differentiate this again, to get
n=1n2qn1=1(q1)22(q1)3=(1+q)(1q)3


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