I try to prove:
If g is a continuous function on (a,b) then g is uniformly continuous on (a,b) if and only if it is possible to define values g(a) and g(b) at the endpoints so that the extended function g is continuous on [a,b].
Please can you check my proof?
If there are g(a) and g(b) such that g:[a,b]→R is continuous then because g:[a,b]→R is uniformly continuous, so is g:(a,b)→R.
Let g be uniformly continuous on (a,b) and let xn→a and yn→b. Because xn and yn are Cauchy and g is uniformly continuous, g(xn) and g(yn) are Cauchy. Define g(a)=lim and g(b) = \lim g(y_n). Now this extended function g is continuous at a and b. It is enough to show it for one of the two points because the proof is similar. Let \varepsilon >0. The goal is to find \delta such that |x-a|<\delta implies that |g(x) -g(a)|<\varepsilon. By definition, g(x_n) \to g(a) hence there is N such that for n>N it holds that |g(x_n) - g(a)| < \varepsilon. Now let \delta = |a-x_{N+1}|.
I now know why my proof is false, thanks to the answer but I can't understand one part of the answer. The bounty is for extension of answer not for more answers.
Answer
To show the extended function g is continuous at a let \varepsilon > 0.
Note that |x-x_n|\le |x-a| + |a-x_n|. Let \delta be such that |x-y|<\delta \implies |g(x)-g(y)|<{\varepsilon \over 2}.
Let N be such that n>N implies that |a-x_n|<{\delta \over 2} and let N' be such that n>N' implies |g(x_n)-g(a)|<{\varepsilon \over 2}.
Now if |x-a|<{\delta \over 2} and n>\max(N,N') then |x-x_n|\le |x-a| + |a-x_n|<\delta and hence
|g(x)-g(a)| \le |g(x)-g(x_n)| + |g(x_n) - g(a)| < \varepsilon
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