Thursday 21 August 2014

calculus - Computing $limlimits_{ntoinfty} Big(sumlimits_{i = 1}^n sumlimits_{j = 1}^n frac1{i^2+j^2}-frac{pi}{2} log(n)Big)$.

In the chatroom we discussed about the asymptotic of $\displaystyle \sum_{i = 1}^n \sum_{j = 1}^n \frac1{i^2+j^2}$, and if we think of the inverse tangent integral, it's easy to see that $\displaystyle \sum_{i = 1}^n \sum_{j = 1}^n \frac1{i^2+j^2}\approx \operatorname{Ti}_2(n)\approx \frac{\pi}{2} \log(n)$ where I used
the well-known relation $\displaystyle \operatorname{Ti}_2(x)-\operatorname{Ti}_2(1/x)=\frac{\pi}{2}\operatorname{sgn}(x) \log|x|$. At this point, @robjohn posed the following limit



$$\lim_{n\to\infty} \left(\displaystyle \sum_{i = 1}^n \sum_{j = 1}^n \frac1{i^2+j^2}-\frac{\pi}{2} \log(n)\right)$$

that looks like a pretty tough limit. Using $\coth(z)$ one can see the limit is approximately $-\dfrac{\pi^2}{12}$,
but how about finding a way to precisely compute the limit?

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