Friday, 29 August 2014

calculus - Evaluating Limit - (1(cosx)sinx)/(x3)




I need to evaluate the following limit using l'Hospital's rule:
limx01(cosx)sinxx3



By doing one step, i get
\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{-(\cos x)^{\sin x}[(\cos x) \ln(\cos x)-\frac{(\sin^2 x)}{\cos x}]}{3x^2}



If I did this correctly, I still need to use l'Hospital's rule again, but this seems too complicated for an exam question. Is there another, simpler way of doing this, but by still using L'Hospital's.


Answer



There is a way of solving this using l'Hospital's rule.




\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{1-(\cos x)^{\sin x}}{x^3}=\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{1-(\cos x)^{\sin x}}{\sin^{3}{x}}



Apply the rule, we get:



\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{-(\cos x)^{\sin {x}}[(\cos x) \ln(\cos x)-\frac{(\sin^2 x)}{\cos x}]}{3\sin^2{x}\cos{x}}
\lim_{x\to 0}-\dfrac{-(\cos x)^{(\sin {x}-1)}[(\cos x) \ln(\cos x)-\frac{(\sin^2 x)}{\cos x}]}{3\sin^2{x}}
=\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{[(\cos x) \ln(\cos x)-\frac{(\sin^2 x)}{\cos x}]}{-3\sin^2{x}}
=\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{[(\cos^2 {x}) \ln(\cos x)-{(\sin^2 x)}]}{-3\sin^2{x}\cos{x}}
=\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{[(\cos^2 {x}) \ln(\cos x)-{(\sin^2 x)}]}{-3\sin^2{x}}
=\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{(\cos^2 {x}) \ln(\cos x)}{-3\sin^2{x}}+\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{{(\sin^2 x)}}{3\sin^2{x}}

=\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{\ln(\cos x)}{-3x^2}+\frac{1}{3}
Apply the rule again:
=\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{\sin x}{6x\cos x}+\frac{1}{3}
=\frac{1}{2}


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