Tuesday, 19 August 2014

complex analysis - Integration of ln around a keyhole contour



I want to evaluate the following integral:

0ln2xx2x+1dx



I use the following contour in order to integrate.
enter image description here



I considered the function f(z)=ln3zz2z+1.
The poles of the function are z1=1+i32,z2=1i32 and these are simple poles. I evaluated the residues Res(z1)=Res(z2)=iπ293.



If we declare γ the entire contour , we have that:
γf(z)dz=2πires=2πi(2iπ293)=4π393




I splitted the contour apart and I got:
γf(z)dz=Cr+S1+Cϵ+S2



where S1 is the segment from R to ϵ and S2 is the segment from ϵ to R. I proved that the other two line integrals vanish when R+,ϵ0 respectively.



And this is where I get stuck. Well, letting R+ this gives me that:
γf(z)dz=0f(z)dz+0f(z)dz=00



I set z=xiϵ at the second one and at the first one z=x+iϵ but I cannot seem to finish up the problem and get the correct result.



Answer



On S2 you get
0ln3xx2x+1dx
and on S1
0(lnx+2πi)3x2x+1dx.
Adding the two you get

06πiln2x+4π2lnx+8π3ix2x+1dx.
Take the imaginary part, and all you have to do to finish things off is to compute
01x2x+1dx
either with freshman calculus techniques or using residues if you prefer.


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