I am working on a scholarship exam practice assuming high school or pre-university math knowledge. I am stuck at the question below:
Let $\omega$ be a solution of the equation $x^2+x+1=0$. Then $\omega^{10}+\omega^5+3=.....$
My first question is how it would be possible since the discriminant of $x^2+x+1=0$ is less than $0$ so I am not sure how I can continue or start from here. The answer key provided is $2$. Please advise.
Answer
$\omega$ is such that $\omega^2+\omega+1=0$ i.e. $\omega^2=-\omega-1$
Therefore $\omega^3=\omega \cdot \omega^2=\omega(-\omega-1)=-\omega^2-\omega=1$
$\omega^5=\omega^3 \cdot \omega^2=\omega^2=-\omega-1$
$\omega^{10}=(\omega^5)^2=(-\omega-1)^2=\omega^2+1+2\omega=\omega$
Hence $\omega^{10}+\omega^5+3=\omega-\omega-1+3=2$
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