I am interested in getting more precise partial sums for n∑x=11xlog(x) I understand that this series will diverge as n→∞. I've only been able to get a rough estimate for a lower bound based on PNT. Using PNT I can deduce that pn ~ nlog(n). Using Rosser's Theorem I know that pn>nlog(n). I've looked into it and found: ∑nx=11xlog(x) ~ ∑nx=11px≈Hn ~ log(n). With this I know that ∑nx=11xlog(x)>log(n) because it is the sum of their reciprocals and the nth harmonic Hn−log(n)=γ as n→∞. I did find an old forum post on a similar question about specifically primes: ∑nx=11pxlog(px) but it proved to be inconclusive. I am interested if there is an asymptotic function with some error that better approximates partial sums. I'm looking to graph sums. I know Taylor Series could help but I'm looking for something more succient if possible.
Answer
First, note that log1=0 hence as written your sum is infinite. So let us instead consider the sum with lower index at 2, i.e. S(n)=n∑x=21xlogx. Since f(x)=1/(xlogx) is convex on x>1, we find that S(n)>∫nx=2dxxlogx=log(lognlog2). This lower bound can be improved using the trapezoidal rule, namely S(n)>12log(lognlog(n+1)log2log3). Since the error is largest for small n, we could do still better by summing the first few terms exactly, then using the relationship n∑x=m1xlogx>log(lognlogm),n>m≫1.
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