Along the way to proving a solution for this stubborn question of mine, I've come upon this expression which I would like to evaluate:
limn→∞1n3n−1∑ℓ=1√(n2−ℓ2)(n2−(ℓ−1)2)
Assuming consistency+correctness of the rest of my work, I would love for it to turn out that the limit is 23, but to be honest I'm not certain of how to continue. I see no reason for there to be a nice closed form for the sum (and W|A appear to agree).
Answer
For every 1⩽ℓ⩽n−1,
n2−ℓ2⩽√(n2−ℓ2)(n2−(ℓ−1)2)⩽n2−(ℓ−1)2,
hence the sums Sn you are interested in are such that Rn⩽Sn⩽Tn for every n⩾1, with
Rn=1n3n−1∑ℓ=1(n2−ℓ2),Tn=1n3n−2∑ℓ=0(n2−ℓ2).
The rest should be easy (and the limit is indeed 23).
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