Sunday 29 January 2017

polynomials - How do you find roots of an equation which is a sum of quadratic equations?



So the questions says -



Let $f(x), g(x)$ and $h(x)$ be quadratic polynomials having positive leading coefficients and real and distinct roots. If each pair of them has a common root, then find roots of $f(x)+g(x)+h(x)=0$.




What I did -



Let,



$$
f(x) = a_1 (x-\alpha) (x-\beta),
\\
g(x) = a_2 (x-\beta)(x-\gamma),
\\

h(x) = a_3 (x-\gamma) (x-\alpha),
\\
F(x):=f(x)+g(x)+h(x)$$
Now,



$$ F(\alpha) = a_2 (\alpha-\beta) (\alpha-\gamma)
\\
F(\beta) = a_3 (\beta-\gamma) (\beta-\alpha)
\\
F(\gamma) = a_1 (\gamma-\alpha) (\gamma-\beta)$$




I don't know how to proceed further. I referred to the solution, it just multiplies $F(\alpha), F(\beta) \text{, and } F(\gamma)$ and it comes out to be negative. And hence it concludes that roots of $F(x)=0$ are real and distinct. Can anyone explain why?



Thanks.


Answer



Suppose, without loss of generality, that $\alpha<\beta<\gamma$: it is easy to check that $F(\alpha)>0$, $F(\beta)<0$ and $F(\gamma)>0$. But $F(x)$ is a quadratic polynomial, hence a continuous function: it follows that $F(x)=0$ for some $x$ between $\alpha$ and $\beta$, and also for some $x$ between $\beta$ and $\gamma$.


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