I'd like to check directly the convergence of Dirichlet's Eta Function, also known as the Alternating Zeta Function or even Alternating Euler's Zeta Function:
$$\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac1{n^s}\;\;,\;\;\;s=\sigma+it\;,\;\;\sigma\,,\,t\in\Bbb R\;,\;\;\color{red}{\sigma > 0}.$$
Now, there seems to be a complete ausence of any direct proof of this in the web (at least I didn't find it) that doesn't use the theory of general Dirichlet Series and things like that.
I was thinking of the following direct, more elementary approach:
$$n^{it}=e^{it\log n}:=\cos (t\log n)+i\sin(t\log n)$$
and then we can write
$$\frac1{n^s}=\frac1{n^\sigma n^{it}}=\frac{\cos(t\log n)-i\sin(t\log n)}{n^\sigma}$$
and since a complex sequence converges iff its real and imaginary parts converge, we're left with the real series
$$\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{\cos(t\log n)}{n^\sigma}\;\;,\;\;\;\;\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{\sin(t\log n)}{n^\sigma}$$
Now, I think it is enough to prove only one of the above two series' convergence, since for example $\;\sin(t\log n)=\cos\left(\frac\pi2-t\log n\right)\;$
...and here I am stuck. It seems obvious both series are alternating but not necessarily
elementwise.
For example, if $\;t=1\;$ , then $\;\cos\log n>0\;,\;for\;\;n=1,2,3,4\;$ , and then $\;\cos\log n<0\;,\;\;for\;\;\;n=5,6,\ldots,23\;$ . This behaviour confuses me, and any help will be much appreciated.
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