Saturday, 19 September 2015

integration - Evaluation of integral intinfty0fracsinxxleft(1+x2right)2,rmdx



I'm trying to evaluate the following integral:




J=0sinxx(1+x2)2dx



Well there are 3 poles , one lying on the real line the other on the upper half plane and the other on the lower half plane. The residue at z=i is 34e .
I'm integrating on a contour that looks like a semicircle on the upper half plane and has a branch about the origin .



Well I considered the function f(z)=eiz+1z(z+1)2 which is clearly analytic expect for the poles. Hence if γ denotes the contour , then:



γf(z)dz=γeiz+1z(z2+1)2dz=γeizz(z2+1)2dz+γdzz(z2+1)2=2πi34e+2πi=2πi(134e)=i(2π3π2e)



Hmm... applying the classical method I get that:




f(x)dx=2π3π2e



which is almost correct except for that 2 in front of π. Where I have gone wrong?



P.S: I used the very obvious that the integrand is even.


Answer



Depict carefully the path of integration: it is a semicircle in the upper half plane with a bulge at z=0 and a keyhole around z=i. This gives that you have to compute the residues of f(z)=eizz(z2+1)2 at z=0 and z=i, but to consider only half the residue at z=0:



J=12Im+eizz(z2+1)2dz=12Im(2πiRes(f(z),z=i)+πiRes(f(z),z=0))



so:
J=12Im(2πi34e+πi)=12(π3π2e)=π2(132e).


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